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What is Unified Communication? - 0 views

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    The year 2009 saw India earning the highest 'return on collaboration' investment, when it came to adopting unified communications and collaborations among companies.
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Syndicated Lending - The Need of the Hour - 0 views

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    More and more countries are realising the fact that their SME sector needs to be strengthened, which is possible only when their problems are solved which appears a tad too many. Out of various problems, free credit flow tops the list.
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Off Grid Flashlight - 0 views

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    LED's(Light Emitting Diode's) are special diodes that emit light when connected in a circuit. They are frequently used as "pilot" lights in electronic appliances to indicate whether the circuit is closed or not.
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Latest Franchise News in South - 0 views

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    Global Series Designers (GFA), Switzerland-based cafe group that operates popular manufacturers like Pizzas Corner, Donut Chef, Cream n Fudge, and Coffee World, declared their development plan for the Native Indian market.
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HIGH RETURNS FOR BEING FASHIONABLE - 0 views

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    We have three manufacturers in the ready made clothing section such as Oxemberg - a official and semi-formal product, MSD -a informal product, and J.Hampstead -a top quality official product.
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Fund selection with low investment risk - 0 views

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    Fund selection with low investment risk.When it comes to the selection of investment instruments, then, most people opt for funds. This is also good because especially for retail funds are highly recommended. In contrast to other forms of investment funds......Read Full Text
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Great Tips on making tasty profits from a food franchise - 0 views

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    YoYo Noodle is an England-based Chinese food chain and is looking forward to establish its footprints in India into the key markets via franchising.
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SLumming » Almost a Year: Education (in SL) - 0 views

  • I believe that any college or university which accepts US federal dollars and requires students to use second life as a classroom space is in violation of regulation 508 because SL is not accessible to individuals who are blind.
  • The creation of an inaccessible school is a de facto violation of US laws governing accessibility including IDEA, and regulations 504 and 508.
  • The much bruited installation of “voice chat” as accessibility option is merely an indication of how very little the educational establishment actually understands the issue of accessibility.
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  • Second, the main instantiation of educational activity in SL seems to be the recreation of the classroom in virtual space.
  • Third, efforts to introduce games and problem-based instruction as educational strategies have focused on adding a “game layer” on top of the SL environment rather than using the environment itself as a game.
  • I’ll be anxious to see how long it takes the educational community to realize that SL affords capabilities that transcend and exceed the capabilities of the classroom.
  • Fourth, my sense is that educators are generally tourists — outsiders looking in, just visiting — in the environment.
  • Few hold jobs. Comparatively few even “get off the island.” This is especially true of those educators who participate through the auspices of a private island. They’re very busy controlling the environment to suit their own purposes without really taking the time to understand the culture and environment. It’s no wonder they’re unable to recognized the inherent value of the space.
  • Fifth, everybody is interested in the space as an educational environment and almost nobody is looking at it as a learning environment.
  • They still think that there’s a direct correlation between teaching and learning in RL as well. That bias has been brought in world.
  • Conclusion: Teachers want to use the space. Most of them want to use it for the wrong reasons. Many don’t have a clue what it means to be “in the world” in any real sense, instead focusing on imposing RL constraints on SL constructs — even when those constraints are irrelevant.
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Man-Computer Symbiosis - 2 views

  • In short, it seems worthwhile to avoid argument with (other) enthusiasts for artificial intelligence by conceding dominance in the distant future of cerebration to machines alone.
  • There will nevertheless be a fairly long interim during which the main intellectual advances will be made by men and computers working together in intimate association. A multidisciplinary study group, examining future research and development problems of the Air Force, estimated that it would be 1980 before developments in artificial intelligence make it possible for machines alone to do much thinking or problem solving of military significance. That would leave, say, five years to develop man-computer symbiosis and 15 years to use it. The 15 may be 10 or 500, but those years should be intellectually the most creative and exciting in the history of mankind.
  • It is often said that programming for a computing machine forces one to think clearly, that it disciplines the thought process. If the user can think his problem through in advance, symbiotic association with a computing machine is not necessary.
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  • They would be easier to solve, and they could be solved faster, through an intuitively guided trial-and-error procedure in which the computer cooperated, turning up flaws in the reasoning or revealing unexpected turns in the solution.
  • Poincare anticipated the frustration of an important group of would-be computer users when he said, "The question is not, 'What is the answer?' The question is, 'What is the question?'" One of the main aims of man-computer symbiosis is to bring the computing machine effectively into the formulative parts of technical problems.
  • It is to bring computing machines effectively into processes of thinking that must go on in "real time," time that moves too fast to permit using computers in conventional ways.
  • To think in interaction with a computer in the same way that you think with a colleague whose competence supplements your own will require much tighter coupling between man and machine than is suggested by the example and than is possible today.
  • Throughout the period I examined, in short, my "thinking" time was devoted mainly to activities that were essentially clerical or mechanical: searching, calculating, plotting, transforming, determining the logical or dynamic consequences of a set of assumptions or hypotheses, preparing the way for a decision or an insight. Moreover, my choices of what to attempt and what not to attempt were determined to an embarrassingly great extent by considerations of clerical feasibility, not intellectual capability.
  • the operations that fill most of the time allegedly devoted to technical thinking are operations that can be performed more effectively by machines than by men.
  • If those problems can be solved in such a way as to create a symbiotic relation between a man and a fast information-retrieval and data-processing machine, however, it seems evident that the cooperative interaction would greatly improve the thinking process.
  • Computing machines can do readily, well, and rapidly many things that are difficult or impossible for man, and men can do readily and well, though not rapidly, many things that are difficult or impossible for computers. That suggests that a symbiotic cooperation, if successful in integrating the positive characteristics of men and computers, would be of great value. The differences in speed and in language, of course, pose difficulties that must be overcome.
  • Men will fill in the gaps, either in the problem solution or in the computer program, when the computer has no mode or routine that is applicable in a particular circumstance.
  • Clearly, for the sake of efficiency and economy, the computer must divide its time among many users. Timesharing systems are currently under active development. There are even arrangements to keep users from "clobbering" anything but their own personal programs.
  • It seems reasonable to envision, for a time 10 or 15 years hence, a "thinking center" that will incorporate the functions of present-day libraries together with anticipated advances in information storage and retrieval and the symbiotic functions suggested earlier in this paper. The picture readily enlarges itself into a network of such centers, connected to one another by wide-band communication lines and to individual users by leased-wire services. In such a system, the speed of the computers would be balanced, and the cost of the gigantic memories and the sophisticated programs would be divided by the number of users.
  • The first thing to face is that we shall not store all the technical and scientific papers in computer memory. We may store the parts that can be summarized most succinctly-the quantitative parts and the reference citations-but not the whole. Books are among the most beautifully engineered, and human-engineered, components in existence, and they will continue to be functionally important within the context of man-computer symbiosis. (Hopefully, the computer will expedite the finding, delivering, and returning of books.)
  • The second point is that a very important section of memory will be permanent: part indelible memory and part published memory. The computer will be able to write once into indelible memory, and then read back indefinitely, but the computer will not be able to erase indelible memory. (It may also over-write, turning all the 0's into l's, as though marking over what was written earlier.) Published memory will be "read-only" memory. It will be introduced into the computer already structured. The computer will be able to refer to it repeatedly, but not to change it.
  • The basic dissimilarity between human languages and computer languages may be the most serious obstacle to true symbiosis.
  • In short: instructions directed to computers specify courses; instructions-directed to human beings specify goals.
  • We may in due course see a serious effort to develop computer programs that can be connected together like the words and phrases of speech to do whatever computation or control is required at the moment. The consideration that holds back such an effort, apparently, is that the effort would produce nothing that would be of great value in the context of existing computers. It would be unrewarding to develop the language before there are any computing machines capable of responding meaningfully to it.
  • By and large, in generally available computers, however, there is almost no provision for any more effective, immediate man-machine communication than can be achieved with an electric typewriter.
  • Displays seem to be in a somewhat better state than controls. Many computers plot graphs on oscilloscope screens, and a few take advantage of the remarkable capabilities, graphical and symbolic, of the charactron display tube. Nowhere, to my knowledge, however, is there anything approaching the flexibility and convenience of the pencil and doodle pad or the chalk and blackboard used by men in technical discussion.
  • 2) Computer-Posted Wall Display: In some technological systems, several men share responsibility for controlling vehicles whose behaviors interact. Some information must be presented simultaneously to all the men, preferably on a common grid, to coordinate their actions. Other information is of relevance only to one or two operators. There would be only a confusion of uninterpretable clutter if all the information were presented on one display to all of them. The information must be posted by a computer, since manual plotting is too slow to keep it up to date.
  • Laboratory experiments have indicated repeatedly that informal, parallel arrangements of operators, coordinating their activities through reference to a large situation display, have important advantages over the arrangement, more widely used, that locates the operators at individual consoles and attempts to correlate their actions through the agency of a computer. This is one of several operator-team problems in need of careful study.
  • 3) Automatic Speech Production and Recognition: How desirable and how feasible is speech communication between human operators and computing machines?
  • Yet there is continuing interest in the idea of talking with computing machines.
  • In large part, the interest stems from realization that one can hardly take a military commander or a corporation president away from his work to teach him to type. If computing machines are ever to be used directly by top-level decision makers, it may be worthwhile to provide communication via the most natural means, even at considerable cost.
  • It seems reasonable, therefore, for computer specialists to be the ones who interact directly with computers in business offices.
  • Certainly, if the equipment were already developed, reliable, and available, it would be used.
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    Man-computer symbiosis is an expected development in cooperative interaction between men and electronic computers. It will involve very close coupling between the human and the electronic members of the partnership. The main aims are 1) to let computers facilitate formulative thinking as they now facilitate the solution of formulated problems, and 2) to enable men and computers to cooperate in making decisions and controlling complex situations without inflexible dependence on predetermined programs. In the anticipated symbiotic partnership, men will set the goals, formulate the hypotheses, determine the criteria, and perform the evaluations. Computing machines will do the routinizable work that must be done to prepare the way for insights and decisions in technical and scientific thinking. Preliminary analyses indicate that the symbiotic partnership will perform intellectual operations much more effectively than man alone can perform them. Prerequisites for the achievement of the effective, cooperative association include developments in computer time sharing, in memory components, in memory organization, in programming languages, and in input and output equipment.
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Fatherland FairShares Network - 0 views

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    Fatherland Investment promotes and raises Capital for Good Projects as an opportunity to empower people within our community. The FairShares Network brings together people from diverse backgrounds who are usually members of the Fatherland Club. Fatherland launched it to flourish our members to become a vibrant, courageous, and proud community for Africans and African Descendants worldwide.
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Buy Amazon account - [Ready to use] Full Verified, - 0 views

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    Buy Amazon Account Introduction If you haven't used Amazon yet, you're missing out on one of the easiest and most convenient online shopping options. These are four justifications for opening an Amazon account right now. Free two-day shipping is offered with an Amazon Prime membership on millions of items. Amazon is an excellent choice for getting products delivered promptly and at no cost if you don't have time to travel to the store. Whether you're looking for clothes, electronics, books, or anything else, Amazon provides a huge assortment of products. If Amazon doesn't have what you're looking for, it probably doesn't. Buy Amazon Account Supporting independent vendors and small businesses on Amazon is a terrific idea. You may. Find unusual things on Amazon that you won't find elsewhere, and you'll be helping out smaller companies that might not have the same marketing clout as more established ones. The world's biggest internet retailer is Amazon. There's a reason why Amazon is the biggest online retailer in the world. They provide more products at competitive prices than any other online merchant. A fantastic approach to save both time and money is to purchase an Amazon account. Amazon is the ideal place to shop because they offer convenient one-stop shopping, affordable prices, and top-notch customer service. A Prime membership from Amazon entitles you to free two-day shipping on a variety of things. You may not be aware that Amazon provides a Prime membership that entitles you to free two-day shipping on a variety of goods. Like most individuals, it's likely that you were unaware of it. Here are some reasons to think about purchasing an Amazon account. If you frequently buy online, you are aware of how crucial it is to receive your purchases swiftly. You won't have to be concerned about shipping costs ever again if you have an Amazon Prime membership. Also, you can upgrade to overnight shipping for a surcharge if you require you
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